Streaming Protocol Specifications

Protocol Selection Framework

Streaming protocol selection balances latency requirements, device compatibility, scalability, and infrastructure capabilities. These specifications guide protocol implementation to achieve latency and reliability standards while maximizing audience reach.

Delivery Protocols

HLS (HTTP Live Streaming)

HLS provides the widest device compatibility and is the recommended baseline for professional webcasting. Standard HLS typically delivers 15-30 second latency suitable for broadcast-style content. Low-Latency HLS (LL-HLS) achieves 2-5 second latency with appropriate CDN support. Recommended segment duration of 6 seconds for standard HLS; 2 seconds with partial segments for LL-HLS.

DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP)

DASH provides flexibility and codec independence with broad browser support. Recommended for applications requiring HEVC or AV1 delivery to compatible devices. Low-Latency DASH (LL-DASH) achieves comparable latency to LL-HLS. CMAF containers enable unified packaging for both HLS and DASH delivery.

WebRTC

WebRTC delivers sub-second latency required for real-time interactive applications. Recommended for two-way communications, live auctions, and interactive gaming. Scalability requires specialized infrastructure with selective forwarding units (SFUs). Browser support is universal but quality and latency vary by implementation.

Contribution Protocols

RTMP (Real-Time Messaging Protocol)

RTMP remains widely supported for encoder-to-origin contribution despite deprecation of client-side Flash. Enhanced RTMP extends capabilities with HEVC and AV1 support. Recommended for reliable contribution over managed networks with appropriate firewall configuration.

SRT (Secure Reliable Transport)

SRT provides reliable transport with encryption over unreliable networks including public internet. Recommended for remote contribution, cloud workflows, and scenarios requiring security. Error correction and latency settings should be tuned for network conditions.

RIST (Reliable Internet Stream Transport)

RIST offers standardized reliable transport with interoperability across vendors. Main Profile recommended for professional applications with appropriate error correction. Simple Profile suitable for basic applications where interoperability is the primary concern.

Implementation Considerations

Protocol selection should consider the complete delivery chain from contribution through origin processing to CDN edge delivery. Member documentation includes detailed configuration guidance for each protocol and sample architectures for common webcasting scenarios.